Lilita Zalkalns

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Back to the motherland

IN THE MID-1950s Latvian émigrés shared a remarkable experience:they were the targets of a KGB operated repatriation campaign,which not only envisioned their repatriation to the Soviet Latvianhomeland, but also anticipated the destruction of their émigrésociety as they knew it.The purpose of this thesis is to analyze this repatriation campaignand the émigré Latvian reactions to it. By looking at the activitiesof the Committee For Return to the Motherland in East Berlin, thecontents of the repatriation newspaper Par atgriešanos Dzimtenē(For Return to the Motherland), and the reactions to the campaignin contemporary émigré press, this study shows how highlydeveloped strategies and tactics were implemented in order to elicitcertain behaviors from émigrés, and how émigrés advanced theirown counter-strategies to offset the effects of the campaign.This thesis concludes that in spite of Soviet superiority inorganization and resources, a small and internally dividedcommunity could withstand the concerted efforts of Sovietpropaganda if the group’s unified sense of mission was sufficientlystrong.

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